{"id":930,"date":"2011-03-13T09:33:40","date_gmt":"2011-03-13T13:33:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/?p=930"},"modified":"2011-03-13T09:33:40","modified_gmt":"2011-03-13T13:33:40","slug":"higher-level-thinking-in-high-school-spanish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/?p=930","title":{"rendered":"Higher level thinking in high school Spanish"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/hola1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-940\" title=\"hola\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/hola1-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>I got a great long note from my former student Maija Langeland Scarpaci,  who taught high school Spanish for several years. Let me just move  aside and let her do the talking:<\/p>\n<p>During my last teaching job, I  taught the highest and lowest levels of Spanish offered at my high  school &#8211; AP Spanish Literature and Basic Spanish, which had lots of kids  with IEPs &#8211; and loved teaching both classes equally. But because I&#8217;m someone who likes to  talk about concepts and ideas, I found the curriculum as it was designed for the lower level to be unsatisfying. So I changed it.<\/p>\n<p>After  doing some research, we found that many kids in Basic Spanish weren&#8217;t  going beyond a year or two of Spanish study, and as there was no  language requirement for students in the school&#8217;s special  education program, the kids weren&#8217;t encouraged to continue. But I  wondered if traditional basic language classes weren&#8217;t particularly  advantageous to these kids. Maybe the material was (1) boring for them,  (2)  frustrating for them, and (3) not relevant to their lives. My  department head and I sat down and asked, How important is it that these kids are able to perfectly conjugate &#8220;-ar&#8221; verbs in Spanish? Not  very, we decided. Would we rather that they know more about issues that  are relevant to the Spanish-speaking world and therefore to them,  since there are so many Spanish speakers in the US? Yes, we decided.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/dario1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-thumbnail wp-image-944\" title=\"dario\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/dario1-120x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"120\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>We redesigned  the curriculum so that it would address more issues and less grammar,  and ultimately I had them reading lots of the same stuff that my AP  kids were  reading, or at least by the same authors, but in English. These kids  were exposed to Dar\u00edo, Cervantes, and Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez &#8211; not easy stuff, even in English. \u00a0We devoured newspapers, reading endlessly about current events; the students were amazed by the number of articles we found about issues that were relevant to  Spanish class <em>and<\/em> to the US, even in our part of the country. We  watched some great documentaries; a class favorite was one about the coffee trade  in South America, as my students discovered parallels  between their coffee habits and the coffee farmers and their families  thousands of miles away. We also watched a fascinating episode of <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/30_Days_%28TV_series%29\" target=\"_blank\"><em>30  Days<\/em><\/a>. Its focus was a Texas Minuteman who lived for a month with a family  of illegal Mexican immigrants in LA.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/coffee.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-950\" title=\"coffee\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/coffee-150x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/coffee-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/coffee.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a>Now, instead of talking  about the weather and colors, my students were dealing with more  advanced (and interesting!) ideas  than they would have otherwise, which enabled us to talk at a different  level (there&#8217;s only so much you can say about the weather in Spanish).  In the class as it was originally designed, much of the  questioning and material for tests would be from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.odu.edu\/educ\/roverbau\/Bloom\/blooms_taxonomy.htm\" target=\"_blank\">Bloom&#8217;s<\/a> most basic  level, but we were able to do so much more in the new class:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Prediction: After researching the Minuteman trend along our borders,  did the kids think the Minuteman in the <em>30 Days<\/em> episode would return to  his work at the border, or would his month spent with the family change  his perspective on immigration?<\/li>\n<li>Analysis: I asked my students: Why do you think he changed  his mind? What happened in the show that caused his new perspective?<\/li>\n<li>Application:  Right  after we completed this unit, there was a huge bust at a New Bedford, MA  factory, and over 300 women who were working there were deported to their home countries. It was very controversial because  many were mothers with babies, many still nursing, and they were  separated from them without any regard for the children. My students  were able to look at this situation with more insight and perhaps more  empathy by applying what they already knew to be common to many  immigrant situations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/gabriel_garcia_marquez.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-948\" title=\"gabriel_garcia_marquez\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/gabriel_garcia_marquez.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"108\" \/><\/a>It&#8217;s not lost on me that my best teachers and classes were in high school and grad school; those were my smallest  classes and the ones where the teachers were most interested in what the  students had to say. Students talk when questions are good. My AP  students were always very happy to answer any questions, but the students in my Basic Spanish class were much more reluctant. I had to draw them in and did so by using materials and asking questions that were relevant to them or to  life. I let them know that I was interested in their opinions.<\/p>\n<p>Of course, there are many ways to do this while speaking Spanish, too.  When I was a teaching fellow at Boston College, I had a great mentor;  she taught all the introductory Spanish classes at the college, I never heard her use a  word of English, and I thought, How is that possible? But she showed her  students <em>how<\/em> to use the language instead of telling them, by performing and by asking her students to do the same. Everything was acted out, over-dramatically, in order  to make her points stick. During one lesson on the subjunctive mood, she had a male student down on one knee as he proposed to a female student in  front of a very amused class. Her questions  were not particularly analytical or evaluative but required  students to be  expressive, essentially the opposite approach\/scenario of the one  described above in the high school course. In a college level  introductory language course, with  very bright and very willing students, the lessons  and the questions remained very basic,  in order for her to achieve the goal set by the department,  which was to use only Spanish and have the students master basic  Spanish.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/2004-fall-cervantes-image.gif\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-946\" title=\"2004-fall-cervantes-image\" src=\"http:\/\/www.dacha.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2011\/03\/2004-fall-cervantes-image-150x150.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a>At my high school, in my introductory course, with  students  who struggled academically (and often socially), the lessons and the  questions were less basic, more complex, based less on grammar and more  on real life, all in order to meet our goals: Keep students enrolled in  Spanish, have them feel and be successful in the course, and open up  their minds to ideas and situations they had not encountered before.<\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;hola&#8221; image came from this <a href=\"http:\/\/worldgeopost07.wikispaces.com\/Period+6+Group+3+VT+Storyboard\" target=\"_blank\">site<\/a>. The Don Quixote image came from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.vanderbilt.edu\/rpw_center\/lf04c.htm\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>. The photo of Garcia Marquez came from this <a href=\"http:\/\/wilhemgonzalez.wordpress.com\/2010\/05\/06\/como-nos-tiene-conceptuados-don-gabriel-a-los-chapines\/\" target=\"_blank\">blog<\/a>. The photo of Dario came from <a href=\"http:\/\/vivirlatino.com\/2009\/04\/27\/april-is-national-poetry-month-ruben-dario.php\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>. The photo of coffee cherries came from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.culinary.net\/articlesfeatures\/FeatureDetail.aspx?ID=1502\" target=\"_blank\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on the_content --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on the_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I got a great long note from my former student Maija Langeland Scarpaci, who taught high school Spanish for several years. Let me just move aside and let her do the talking: During my last teaching job, I taught the &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/?p=930\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><!-- AddThis Advanced Settings generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><!-- AddThis Share Buttons generic via filter on get_the_excerpt --><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,5,71,72],"tags":[214,207,215,216,217,211,218,213,212],"class_list":["post-930","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-classroom","category-school","category-teachers","category-teaching-2","tag-advanced-placement","tag-blooms-taxonomy","tag-boston-college","tag-cervantes","tag-dario","tag-effective-questioning","tag-garcia-marquez","tag-iep","tag-spanish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=930"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":957,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/930\/revisions\/957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=930"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=930"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.dacha.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}